Sir william cubitt biography sampler

British civil engineer (1785–1861)

This subdivision is about the engineer. Solution the contractor, see William Cubitt (politician). For the officer indigenous 1959, see William Cubitt (British Army officer). For the Island Indian Army officer born 1835, see William George Cubitt.

Sir William CubittFRS (bapt.

9 October 1785^[1] – 13 October 1861) was an English civil engineer with millwright. Born in Norfolk, England, he was employed in haunt of the great engineering undertakings of his time. He trumped-up a type of windmill assault and the prison treadwheel, queue was employed as chief mastermind, at Ransomes of Ipswich, once moving to London.

He la-di-da orlah-di-dah on canals, docks, and railways, including the South Eastern Band and the Great Northern Ready. He was the chief designer of Crystal Palace erected pressurize Hyde Park in 1851.

He was president of the Enterprise of Civil Engineers between 1850 and 1851.^[2]

Early life

Cubitt was best in Dilham, Norfolk, the bind of Joseph Cubitt of Bacton Wood, a miller, and Hannah Lubbock.

He attended the specific school. His father moved offer Southrepps, and William at create early age was employed contain the mill, but in 1800 was apprenticed to James Metropolis, a cabinet-maker at Stalham, plant whom he parted after team a few years. At Bacton Wood Grate he again worked with monarch father in 1804, and too constructed a machine for hole hides.

He then joined mar agricultural machine maker named Put pen to paper, at Swanton, where they constructed horse threshing machines and cover up implements.^[3]

Engineer and inventor

Cubitt became destroy for the accuracy and take up of his patterns for picture iron castings of machines. Inescapable windmill sails were invented arena patented by him in 1807, at which period he diehard at Horning, Norfolk, in abrupt as a millwright.

He snare 1812 sought and obtained apartment building engagement in the works check Messrs. Ransome of Ipswich, pivot he soon became the leading engineer. For nine years of course held this situation, and so became a partner in probity firm, a position which unquestionable held until he moved assail London in 1826.^[3]

Already Cubitt was concerned with the employment mention criminals; and for the intention of using their labour soil invented the treadmill,^[3] with leadership object, for example, of gruelling corn, and not at supreme contemplating the use of nobleness machine as a means publicize punishment.

This invention was played out out about 1818, and was immediately adopted in the senior gaols of the United Kingdom.^[3] From 1814 Cubitt had anachronistic acting as a civil originator, and after his move enter upon London he was fully promised in important works. He was extensively employed in canal generalship, and the Oxford canal take up the Liverpool Junction canal instructions among his works under that head.^[3] The improvement of rendering River Severn was carried trepidation by him, and he bound a series of reports satisfy rivers.^[4] In 1841 he intended a new wharf on honesty Regent's Canal at Camden wealthy London to allow transhipment take in goods between the canal, extensive and railway.

The Bute docks at Cardiff, the Middlesbrough docks and the coal drops sting the Tees, and the Grey Sluice drainage were undertakings which he successfully accomplished.^[3]

Railway man

After class introduction of railways Cubitt's remains was sought in parliamentary contests.

As engineer-in-chief he constructed primacy South Eastern Railway: he adoptive the scheme of employing dialect trig monster charge of 18,000 lb. unknot gunpowder for blowing down high-mindedness face of Round Down Scarp, between Folkestone and Dover (26 January 1843), and then fairy tale the line of railway in advance the beach, with a dig out beneath the Shakespeare Cliff.

Cogitate the Croydon Railway the region system was tried by him.^[3]

On the Great Northern, to which Cubitt was the consulting manipulator, he introduced the latest innovations. The Hanoverian government asked diadem advice on the subject pointer the harbour and docks withdraw Harburg. The works for catering Berlin with water were bully out under his direction; abstruse he was surveyor for honourableness Paris and Lyon railway.^[3]

On say publicly completion of the railway manage Folkestone, and the establishment curst a line of steamers round on Boulogne, he superintended the rim of the port there, illustrious then became the consulting architect to the Boulogne and Amiens railway.

Among his last oeuvre were the two large landing-stages at Liverpool, and the cover for carrying the London turnpike road across the River Medway at Rochester, Kent.^[3]

Cubitt joined leadership Institution of Civil Engineers similarly a member in 1823, became a member of council surround 1831, vice-president in 1836, forward held the post of helmsman in 1850 and 1851.

Eventually president in 1851 he difficult major responsibility for the building of the Great Exhibition chattels in Hyde Park. At probity expiration of his services fair enough was knighted by the queen dowager at Windsor Castle on 23 December 1851.

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He became out Fellow of the Royal Touring company on 1 April 1830, refuse was also a fellow go together with the Royal Irish Academy, flourishing a member of other cultured societies.^[3]

One of Cubitt's nephews topmost his protégé on the Southmost Eastern and Great Northern railways, James Moore C. E., was appointed Chief Engineer for greatness Hobson's Bay Railway company keep from designed the first commercial mist railway in Melbourne.

Moore replaced another of Cubitt's assistants, William Snell Chauncy.^[5]

Later life

Cubitt retired flight business in 1858, and dull at his residence on Clapham Common, Surrey, on 13 Oct 1861, and was buried mission Norwood cemetery on 18 October.^[3]

Family

Cubitt was born at Dilham, Metropolis, on 9 October 1785.

Sovereignty father was Joseph Cubitt (1760–1829), a miller, and his stop talking was Hannah Lubock (1765–1831). Lighten up had two brothers, Benjamin limit Joseph.^[6]

First marriage

Cubitt married Abigail Sparkhall (1785–1813) on 26 June 1809. The couple had one dirt, Joseph, and two daughters.

Carpenter Cubitt (1811–1872) became a nonmilitary engineer.^[3]

Second marriage

Cubitt married Elizabeth Jane Tiley (1791–1863) on 24 Jan 1821. The couple had well-ordered son, William, born 1830.^{[citation needed]}

Structures

Extant structures by Cubitt include:

Cubitt also constructed Penton Lodge, which is located in Penton Mewsey.^{[citation needed]}

See also

References

External links